Generative AI from the Perspective of the Evolutionary Process of the Biological Brain: A Review of the Present and Speculation on the Future.

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  • 進化してきた脳と生成 AI の現在と未来
  • シンカ シテ キタ ノウ ト セイセイ AI ノ ゲンザイ ト ミライ

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Generative artificial intelligence （AI） can now output human-like responses. This paper summarizes generative AI, evaluating its current status from the viewpoint of brain evolution by omparing it with the structure of the human brain. We summarize the issues that require resolution before generative AI can develop into general-purpose AI （artificial general intelligence, AGI） with iscussion of reference information that can be obtained from the evolutionary process of living organisms. Generative AI is based on neural networks that incorporate a large amount of data, mainly text and images, that has been output to the Internet. In ChatGPT, for example, the number of parameters has grown to 175 billion, and through numerous learning mechanisms it has now reached a widely-applicable level as a largescale language model. After learning, a circuit consisting of a huge number of features is created within the model. Many of these features are recognized to be patterns related to the input, and from this the final output is generated. Generative AI can now produce seemingly natural sentence output in response to questions. However, the scope of what can be done remains limited because language cannot yet be fully conceptualized. During the evolutionary process, the human brain has acquired a neocortex that has developed basic circuitry and language skills. In the development of a human brain, an individual learns and grows through trial and error to adapt to the real world, and in doing so acquires a unique culture and language. Eventually, AGI will perhaps understand concepts in a similar way to humans, although as discussed in this article, certain doubts remain.

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