Semantic Functions of the "V + gei" Construction in the Gansu Dialect of Chinese

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  • 甘粛方言の"V给"構文の多機能性
  • カンシュクホウゲン ノ"V给"コウブン ノ タキノウセイ

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This study examines the "V + gei" construction in the Gansu dialect of Chinese from both formal and semantic perspectives at the syntactic level, focusing on its multifunctionality, and in particular points out the existence of a previously unreported malefactive function. Mandarin Chinese (the standard dialect) also has a "V + gei" construction, but its syntactic characteristics differ. In the Gansu dialect, the preposition "gei" is grammatically essential. That is, the indirect object in Mandarin corresponds to the object of the preposition "gei" in the Gansu dialect. In conclusion, this study argues that "V + gei" in the Gansu dialect serves to indicate a resultative complement and a directional complement, in addition to being used as malefactive. Furthermore, "V + gei" in the Gansu dialect may express the passive, the perfect, and the experiential, and it also appears in verb reduplicative constructions.

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