Daily Lives and Ways of Thinking of Chinese Peasants : Comparison by the Uigur and the Han Nationalities

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  • 中国農民の生活と意識 : ウイグル族と漢族との比較

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Abstract

這篇研究以新疆和田地區的維吾爾族農民與廣東省番禺縣謝村的漢族農民的家族状況為中心,比較其間的日常生活現況所作的実地調査。調査對象皆是50歳代前半的農民,計維吾爾族94人(男39人,女55人),漢族175人(男82人,女93人),共269人。調査期間和田是1988年9月15日至19日的五日間,謝村是1989年4月20日至28日的九日間。調査方式先以漢語印刷成表,計分32項目。和田以漢語-維吾爾語,謝村則是漢語-廣東語,即以翻譯為主擧行對面調査。中央政府的方針,謝村遠較和田普及。在新疆維吾爾自治區可以頻繁地見到「漢族不離少數民族,少數民族不離漢族」的標語,表面上中央政府對於少數民族待以彎身曲腰的姿勢,其實到處可以見到漢族支配的形勢。維吾爾族的農民保持傳統的長老支配的家父長式的家族形態,而生活在舒暢的人際関係之中。相對地,漢族的農民,婦女在家庭内顯著地争長實質上的權限。現今(1989年當時)的状態是,丈夫外出淨銭(廣州,上海等地),妻子守住田産養育其他的家族。因此妻子的負担漸重,健康状態遠較1985年悪劣。現代化不一定能為健康帯来好處。

The purpose of this study is to investigate nutritional and psychosocial conditions in two ethnic populations of Chinese peasants. We studied 1 Uigur population in Hetian in September of 1988 and 1 Han population in Guangzhou in April of 1989. Study populations were 269 males and females ages 49-55 randomly selected from each population. The questionnaire consisted of 32 items relating to family relations, eating habits, daily lives, healthy conditions, and religious behaviors. The survey were conducted by face-sheet methods in the field or indoors. The significant of these resalts was discussed.

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KJ00004274350

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