「ニュークリティシズム」とその系譜 (特集・方法論の問題)

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  • 『ニュークリティシズム』とその系譜(方法論の問題)
  • ニュークリティシズム ト ソノ ケイフ トクシュウ ホウホウロン ノ モンダイ
  • The New Criticism, a Scientific Method in Criticism Literary(Problems of Methodology)

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This article is meant to be not so much a study of the New Criticism in theory and practice as a sort of introduction of it to students little informed in the realm of literay criticism. Recent reports published by some Japanese scholars on the researches conducted by certain American University students, applying the method to their studies in the field of comparative literature, induced the present writer to consider afresh merits and demerits of this critical method. It seemed to him that the method should be submitted to some revision, and, in fact, it is said some of the New Critics are now proposing what might be called the Newer Criticism. Making a brief survey of the New Criticism so much in vogue in the American academic circles a few years ago and its recent decline in popularity, this essay has attempted to trace the New Criticism to its origin. When the problem of scientific method in literary criticism comes to be taken up, the concept of "truth" entertained by the scientist and the poet is inevitably involved and so is the use of poetry as one of the human activities. In this article these problems are dealt with at some length: how the chief Romantics and some later writers have tackled them and how the New Critics have been successful in bringing about a solution to them. It is suggested that we should resort to historicism to some degree in order to establish not one single, but multiple methods, applicable to many types of literary work.

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