石川啄木 : 短歌にみる生と死の表現

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Takuboku Ishikawa : Expressions of Life and Death in Tanka
  • イシカワ タクボク : タンカ ニ ミル ナマ ト シ ノ ヒョウゲン

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説明

Takuboku Ishikawa was a poetic genius during the Meiji Era. He showed outstanding intelligence from childhood. He displayed talent as a poet in his teenage years and moved to Tokyo, intending to become a novelist. In this, however, he did not succeed and experienced a serious setback. During this time of living in poverty, however, he produced his revolutionary collection of poems, included in A Handful of Sand. Yet, at the young age of 27, he died of tuberculosis. In this article, Takuboku Ishikawa’s life will be reviewed, focusing on how his psychological conflicts developed. The author also discusses how these conflicts influenced Ishikawa’s works through an examination of his diaries and tanka. The results of this study show that Ishikawa did not write tanka for his own personal benefit. For him, tanka were reflections of his subconscious self, a type of creative regression. In his tanka, he honestly wrote about his existence. That is, the tanka are an “egotistic” expression of himself as a special person, and his feelings of anger and rebellion that he was not esteemed by the world. Through his tanka, Ishikawa was able to face his weak and ugly sides for the first time. During the period when Ishikawa was unable to write novels, there were many references to death in his work. However to him, death may have held the meaning of an escape from reality. For Ishikawa, illness and death were almost the same as sleep. The action of sleeping could be considered an extreme escape from reality. However, after Ishikawa abandoned novels, he came to face reality; he gradually became grounded to the real world through critique, and he began to seriously confront the circumstances of his life. However, in the middle of this transition, he died of an illness.

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