P(論文)

本研究は,盲体験及びその介助者体験の振り返りレポートから,看護技術修得の初期段階における振り返りの構造を明らかにし,看護技術修得における体験の意味を考察することを目的とする。研究対象は,看護専門学校1年生12名の学生が盲体験後に提出したレポートである。研究方法は1年生44名が提出したレポートのうち,体験内容や認識が具体的に記載されている12名の学生のレポートを選択した。それをBerelsonの内容分析の手法を使って分析し患者体験・介助者体験における注目点を取り出し,振り返りの構造を明らかにした。その結果,体験後の振り返りを通して《自己の感情の揺らぎ》や[相手に注目]しつつ,認識ののぼりおりをしながら《介助者に対する気持ち》や《介助時の自己の行為と判断》[体験の意味]を考えていた。さらに体験の相手と共有することで【患者の位置からの評価】につながるという構造が明らかとなった。また看護技術修得における盲体験の意味について以下のことを考察した。1.自己の感情の揺らぎへの注目は,看護技術修得における追体験の意義を学習させることになる。このことから体験時の相手の感情を感じ取ろうとする能動的な姿勢が生まれる。2.盲体験時の介助者への注目から,看護者の行為による患者の「快」「不快」を実感し,それが介助者への信頼に結びつくことを知る。このことを早期に意識化させることで,看護技術の評価者は患者であることを理解させることになる。3.看護技術の修得段階において,体験後に相手の反応を確認することで,行為における自己の判断が「自己の位置」からか,「患者の位置」からのものだったかを知ることになり,それが「相手の立場に立つ」評価につながる。

The purpose of this study was to clarify the structure of reflection through the reports which nursing students recorded after experience like a blind patient and a nurse in the practice, at the early stage mastering nursing techniques, and to consider the meaning of these experience in the mastering nursing techniques. The subjects of this study were the reports which were submitted by 12 students. First of all, the reports of 44 students were read intensively by researcher, and were extracted the reports which experience itself and recognition were described concretely, and were analyzed by using content analysis technique of Berelson, and the notices were extracted from each experience, and following structure of reflection were clarify as a result. The students were taking notice of not only swinging of own feelings, but also partner. Upon developing their recognition, considered about one's feeling for the partner and meaning of the experience, own judgment and the act in the nursing practice. Moreover, they shared mutual the experiences with a partner, as a result they appreciated the position of the patient's feelings. And, we considered the meaning of those experiences in the mastering nursing techniques below. 1. The students were taking notice of swinging of own feelings, and were learning the sense of experience. And these should bring them an active attitude to be careful of patient's feelings. 2. The students noticed about one's feeling for the nurse in experience like the blind patient. The nursing brought them to be comfort or discomfort, and connect to confidence for the nurse. And they should learn that nursing techniques was estimated by the patients. 3. They shared mutual the experiences with a partner, and they understood that own judgment and the act in the nursing practice was the position of the patient or nurse. And these should bring them to be estimated in the position of the patient.