Aiming for an effective public health nurse education by regional cooperation(report. 1)a consideration from public health nursing "off-campus practicum in Kimotsuki"

40021344393

本学においては，平成27年度から，それまでの統合カリキュラムを選択制とし，保健師教育の軸として，公衆衛生看護学の講義，保健所実践・市町村保健センター実践・福祉組織実習等を行っているところである。平成27年度，本学保健師領域選択者を対象に，全保教のミニマム・リクワイアメンツを活用した達成度評価において，実践実習による達成度が大きいことが確認できた。 この実践実習をより効果的に行うことが保健師教育を行う上でも重要である。しかしながら4週間という限られた実習期間であり，実習期間中に学生が経験できる地区活動はそれぞれの実習場における保健師のフィールドワークの実施状況等により差もみられている。 このため，過疎高齢化が進む中，地域の実情に応じ様々な保健活動等を行っている肝付町と連携し，町保健師等の協力を得，H集落に出向き，地域住民にインタビュー等を実施，住民と協働した地域づくりや地域特性に応じた保健活動の展開を学ぶため，公衆衛生看護学の一環として「肝付町学外演習」を実施した。 その結果，学外演習の意義や効果として①個別課題から地域の健康課題を把握し，課題解決のための方策を考えるという保健師活動の一連の流れを体験し，公衆衛生看護実践の理解につながる ②地域の特性や社会資源の把握など地域診断の重要性，様々な「連携」の在り方について考える機会となる③今後の高齢社会において，住みなれた地域で安心して暮らすことを支援するために，保健師としてどのように取り組んでいくか考える貴重な機会となることが示唆された。

In the year 2015, our collage changed the integrated curriculum to the elective one, and started practicum at public health institutes, local health centers, or public welfare organizations, in addition to the lectures on public health nursing. In the year of 2015, we carried out a survey of students’ self-evaluations about their achievement levels, using “minimum requirements” created by JAPHNEI (Japan Association of Public Health Nurse Educational Institutions), and we confirmed that practicum enhances students’ sense of achievement. It is important to get students to have effective practical experiences in providing the public health nurse education. However, we have just 4 weeks to do the practicum and the regional activities students can go through vary within regions, depending on the implementations of field work by the public health nurses. For these reasons, we worked in partnership with Kimotsuki-town where they conduct various healthcare activities based on the situation in each area and elicited cooperation from a public health nurse in the town. We went off to H settlement and conducted “off-campus practicum in Kimotsuki” to have for interviews with the local residents and learn community renovation collaborating with residents and the development healthcare activities appropriate to characteristics of the region. Therefore, the following significations and effects of off-campus practicum are suggested:①students can experience workflow of public health nurses that they perceive regional health problems and formulate policies to solve them, which leads to the understanding actual practices of public health nursing.②off-campus practicum provides students with a good opportunity to consider the ways of “cooperation” and the importance of perceiving characteristics of the region or societal resource.③off-campus practicum provides students with an invaluable opportunity to consider how they work as a public health nurse to help residents with peace of mind in their home land in the coming aged society.