Urban Low-income Settlement Policies in Asia: The Enabling Principle Revisited

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Briefly reviewing the situational changes of low-income settlements and housing policy development over the last four decades in Asia from a macroscopic perspective, with special reference to the experience in Sri Lanka, this paper attempts to identify viable policy principles of participatory settlement improvement. Most Asian countries had public housing policies, state-initiated self-help housing programmes, then housing sector privatization and are now generally faced with human settlement insecurity. The enabling principle in housing policies advocated in the 1980s warrants recapitulation under the new urban reality, with more resilient community-based organizations as agents and expanding social space for urban actor interactions. The scope tends to embrace people-managed community welfare.

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