Economic Policy of the Chongqing Nationalist Government and the Foreign Concessions in Shanghai at the Early Stages of the Sino-Japanese War: The Setting Up of Export Regulations Concerning Products under Embargo

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  • 抗戦初期重慶国民政府の経済政策と上海租界：禁運資敵物品運滬審核辦法の成立過程
  • コウセン ショキ ジュウケイ コクミン セイフ ノ ケイザイ セイサク ト シャンハイ ソカイ キン ウンシ テキ ブッピン ウンコ シンカク ハンホウ ノ セイリツ カテイ

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Abstract

At the early stages of the Sino-Japanese War, the foreign concessions in Shanghai (i.e., the Intemationa1 Settlement and the French Concession) remained as unoccupied zones and were at the time of the war boom more profitable for Shanghai businessmen than before the war. This paper discusses what kind of attitude the Chongqing Nationalist Government adopted toward these concessions, noticing in particular the process by which “regulations concerning the export of products under embargo to concessions” were set up.At the beginning, the Nationalist Government prohibited trade between the area controlled by the Government and the Japanese-occupied territories, part of which the Shanghai concessions was regarded. In response, merchants in Ningbo and Wenzhou petitioned Chongqing to relax its export restrictions on the concessions. As a result, the Government set up the above-mentioned regulations, allowing exports to the concessions according to specified procedures. The reason why the Government changed its policy was not only to protect merchants, but more importantly, was to change the distribution route, due to the fact that the Yangtze River route was destroyed and occupied by the Japanese, resulting in Ningbo and Wenzhou becoming the main ports for trade between Chongqing and Shanghai. All of these events, which occurred between the end of 1938 and early 1939, show the Nationalist Government’s admission of the special character and strategic importance of the Shanghai concessions, which resulted in setting up of the export regulations.

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