Prefrontal activation during and before solution of an eight-arm shuriken-shaped maze task presented on a touch screen: a near-infrared spectroscopy study

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  • Tatchi sukuriinjo ni teiji sareta, 8hon no ude o motsu shurikenkei meiro kadai no suikochu oyobi suiko kaishi mae ni okeru zento zenya katsudo : kinsekigaisen bunkoho ni yoru kento
  • タッチ スクリーンジョウ ニ テイジ サレタ, 8ホン ノ ウデ オ モツ シュリケンケイ メイロ カダイ ノ スイコウチュウ オヨビ スイコウ カイシ マエ ニ オケル ゼントウ ゼンヤ カツドウ : キンセキガイセン ブンコウホウ ニ ヨル ケントウ
  • タッチスクリーン上に提示された, 8本の腕を持つ手裏剣形迷路課題の遂行中および遂行開始前における前頭前野活動 : 近赤外線分光法による検討

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The present study using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) examined prefrontal activation associated with maze-solving performance and preplanning in adult humans. The participants were required to solve an eight-arm shuriken-shaped maze, comparable to the one used for pigeons to behaviorally assess preplanning, by moving a target square to a goal square presented on a touch-sensitive screen. The maze-solution phase was preceded by a 10-s preview phase during which the participants could observe but were not allowed to solve the maze. The participants, in contrast with pigeons, made few incorrect responses in trials in which the goal jumped to the end of another arm following the preview phase. The NIRS data revealed two-peak waveforms, with the first peak during the preview phase and the second one during the solution phase, most evidently in baseline trials. Significant increase in oxy-Hb was found near right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the solution phase, while hemodynamic changes during the preview phase failed to reach statistical significance. The data suggest that, although human adults may have planned the solution of the maze during the preview phase, they needed to employ relatively small amount of cognitive resources throughout this task. Developmental and comparative perspectives for investigating neural correlates of preplanning are discussed.

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