Re-examining the Controversy over Liberal Education in England in the 19th Century

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  • 19世紀イギリス自由教育論争の再整理
  • 19セイキ イギリス ジユウ キョウイク ロンソウ ノ サイセイリ

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A number of controversies arose over the contents of liberal education and the concepts of culture in England from the middle to the end of the 19th century. Intellectuals participated actively in these controversies. First, this essay considers the changes in liberal education in England in the 19th century and confirms that a relationship between intellect and morality in statements about liberal education is the main point at issue. In addition, this paper examines ideas of J. H. Newman, J. S. Mill, H. Sidgwick, T. H. Huxley, and M. Arnold about liberal education based on two questions: "What are the ideal contents of liberal education?" "Who is liberal education for?" Newman, Mill and Sidgwick sought ways toward new liberal education as education for the children of the elite, while Huxley and Arnold sought liberal education for all children and they had various interpretations of the relationship between intellect and morality.

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