アコヤガイ内臓抽出液によるメラニン様色素の形成について

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  • アコヤガイ ナイゾウ チュウシュツエキ ニ ヨル メラニン ヨウ シキソ ノ ケイセイ ニ ツイテ
  • On the Formation of Melanin-like Pigment by the Extract Solution of Internal Organs of Pinctada martensii

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抄録

The nature of the black pigment of black baroque cultured pearls and some properties of the tyrosinase of internal organs of Pinctada martensii have been studied. The results obtained from the experiments are as follows. 1) The black pigment of the organic matter which has been packed between the component layer and the nucleus of the pearl was considered to be melanin-like pigment from its property on solvent and on oxidizer and from the absorption spectrum of it (Fig. 3). 2) The tyrosinase of the crude enzyme solution extracted from the internal organs was inactive, and it was activated by the addition of Cu.. (Fig. 1). Fe.. and Ni.. could be substituted for Cu.. to some degree (Table 1). The black pigment formation was largest in pH 7.5 to 8.0 (Fig. 2). 3) When the whole suspension of internal organs was stored in the temperature range from 0°to 5℃, its tyrosinase became inactive in 4 days and was again activated after 5 to 8 days. But the tyrosinase of the whole suspension, which was added toluene, and of the supernatant was not activated by the storage (Fig. 4).

しみ珠の核と真珠層との間につまっている黒色有機物中の色素はその化学的性質から主としてメラニン様色素であることを知った. アコヤガイ内臓からの粗酵素液ではチロシナーゼは微量のCu..の添加によって活性化され,L-チロシンから黒色の色素を形成する.その至適pHはpH 7.5～8.0である. アコヤガイ内臓の全懸濁液においては貯蔵によるチロシナーゼ作用の再活性現象が見られた.この再活性には全懸濁液の遠心上層部(12,000×g, 20分)および下層部の両方が必要であると考えられる.

長崎大学水産学部研究報告, v.9, pp.91-95; 1960

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