研究目的は,胎児への敏感性を刺激する看護介入が,胎児への敏感性を左右する共感性が低い妊婦の心理的結合と空想を促進する効果を明らかにし,共感性が低い妊婦の母親役割獲得プロセスを促進するのに有効な看護方法を明らかにすることである。低共感性妊婦11名と高共感性妊婦9名に対し,妊娠12週から36週にかけて小冊子による情報提供と妊婦による定期的な記録,及び小冊子に基づく面接を行った。看護介入への反応をデータとして分析し,以下の結論を得た。1)低共感性妊婦は,胎児への敏感性の刺激に反応し,高共感性妊婦と同様に胎児への働きかけを行うようになり,胎動を知覚する。2)低共感性妊婦は,胎児への敏感性,特に胎児への働きかけの刺激に反応して心理的結合を発達させる。3)低共感性妊婦は,胎児への敏感性,特に胎児への働きかけの刺激に反応して空想を出現させる。4)低共感性妊婦は,胎児への敏感性の刺激に反応して不安な空想を出現させ,不安な空想の具体化を通して空想を促進する。5)低共感性妊婦に有効な看護介入は,妊娠継続が決定したできるだけ早い時期から胎児への働きかけを進めること,出現した不安な空想の具体化を援助すること,である。

The present study examined the effect of increasing sensitivity toward the fetus in promoting binding-in and fantasy in low-empathy expectant mothers through effective nursing care and follow up. From the 12th gestational week to the 36th, 11 low-empathy expectant mothers and 9 high-empathy expectant mothers recorded the pregnancy work book, which included information sessions to increase sensitivity toward the fetus. They were also interviewed based on their work book. The responses to these interventions were analyzed and compared between the groups. The following results were obtained: 1) By increasing sensitivity toward the fetus, low-empathy expectant mothers began to show the same level of perception of fetal movement as high-empathy expectant mothers. 2) The low-empathy expectant mothers also developed a greater binding-in as a result of this increased fetal sensitivity, especially a greater action toward the fetus. 3) The low-empathy expectant mothers also experienced a greater degree of anxious fantasy about the fetus as a result of the increased sensitivity toward the fetus. 4) These anxious fantasies are promoted and shaped in the low-empathy expectant mothers by therapy to increase sensitivity toward the fetus. 5) Effective nursing care for low-empathy expectant mothers should include promotion of actions toward the fetus such as singing and talking to the fetus during the early stage of pregnancy. In addition, it should include helping shape their anxious fantasies.

source:Journal of Chiba Academy of Nursing Science