剣道書における「武士道」の研究 : 明治期から昭和初期に着目して

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  • A study on bushido in books on kendo : With a focus on the Meiji to the early Showa period
  • ケンドウショ ニ オケル 「 ブシドウ 」 ノ ケンキュウ : メイジキ カラ ショウワ ショキ ニ チャクモク シテ

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J-GLOBAL ID : 201401000931891934

J-GLOBAL ID : 201101029988376471

J-GLOBAL ID : 201601005909439650

The current study has discerned part of the mindset of early modern kendo and it then focuses on when and in what sense the term bushido ［the way of the samurai］ began to be used as a representation of that mindset in books on kendo from the Meiji to the early Showa period. The term bushido as was used in books on kendo appeared in the Meiji period, when the public called for bushido as a result of victories in the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars. The term was first used in 1895 in Kumamoto Sanemichi’s Manual of Martial Arts. Passed down from one’s forebears, bushido referred to bravery and integrity. This mindset of the warrior was described in close relationship to kendo, as is apparent in the belief that bushido was the essence of kendo. In the Taisho period, bushido was described as a uniquely Japanese mindset. Upon the advent of the Showa period, bushido became the national spirit or national ethic and was referred to as loyalty and patriotism. In line with the surge of events at the time, i.e. World War II during the early Showa period, the definition of bushido in books on kendo and the term itself changed. In other words, the term no longer referred to the original spirit or virtues of bushido. Instead, it was defined to fit the times and used to mean a nationalistic mindset. The meaning of bushido found in books on kendo has changed with the times. However, the term has been consistently viewed as a mindset cultivated through the practice of kendo. Perhaps kendo values that mindset because of bushido. The samurai class sought to develop a unique mindset through fighting in a certain era. Although that mindset changed in early modern kendo, it is still needed, as this study has revealed.

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