Current Status of Research on Optimism and Pessimism

IR IR (HANDLE)

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Other Title
  • 楽観主義及び悲観主義研究の現状と課題

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The current paper attempts to examine the major studies on optimism and pessimism. Various researchers have described optimism and pessimism from different perspectives. These are the main studies that has covered this subject: Scheier & Carver’s (1985) dispositional optimism and pessimism, Seligman’s (1991) explanatory style, Norem & Canter’s (1986) strategic optimism and defensive pessimism, Schnieder’s (2001) realistic optimism, Taylor & Brown (1988) and Shepperd et al.'s (2013) unrealistic optimism. In the current study, the researchers have examined core concepts of these studies related to optimism and pessimism. It is generally recognized that optimism has positive effect on the life events, but the researchers found that optimism without proper basis may create negative effect as well (Shepperd et al., 2015). Similarly, in the case of pessimism, defensive pessimism actually has a positive effect on an individual and helps him/her to prepare and perform well in a given task (Norem, 2001).

Journal

  • 教育学論集

    教育学論集 (74), 191-201, 2022-03-31

    創価大学教育学部・教職大学院

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