足関節の柔軟性と疾走速度の関係

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  • The relationship between ankle flexibility and sprinting speed
  • アシカンセツ ノ ジュウナンセイ ト シッソウ ソクド ノ カンケイ

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Several characteristics of sprinting have been identified: a faster sprinting speed is associated with less ground contact time, less ankle flexion-extension displacement during contact with the ground and a lower speed during maximum ankle extension in faster sprinters, and the ankle tends to be fixed during kicking. Thus, the current study examined the relationship between ankle flexibility and sprinting speed. Results indicated that the angle of dorsiflexion was 85.5±17.5°while the angle of plantar flexion was 166.0±13.0°. In addition, the angle of the knee was 166.4±6.6°. Age was significantly inversely correlated with sprinting speed (p<0.01) (Fig. 4). This finding indicated that sprinting speed improves with age. This is presumably a result of an increase in muscle volume and power. In addition, the angle of plantar flexion was significantly correlated with sprinting speed (p<0.05) (Fig. 5). This finding demonstrates that a smaller angle of plantar flexion results in a faster sprinting speed. This is presumably because a small angle of plantar flexion greatly affects the ground reaction force after landing, consequently improving the sprinting speed. The angle of ankle flexion is one factor that could be measured and used to improve running performance. These findings revealed that sprinting speed tends to slow with a larger angle of plantar flexion and that the angle of dorsiflexion does not affect sprinting speed. In addition, fixing the angle of ankle plantar flexion presumably allows a faster sprinting speed.

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