Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 variant

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  • Saito, Akatsuki
    Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki
  • Tamura, Tomokazu
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
  • Zahradnik, Jiri
    Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science; First Medical Faculty at Biocev, Charles University
  • Deguchi, Sayaka
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University
  • Tabata, Koshiro
    Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
  • Anraku, Yuki
    Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Kimura, Izumi
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
  • Ito, Jumpei
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
  • Yamasoba, Daichi
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University
  • Nasser, Hesham
    Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University
  • Toyoda, Mako
    Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University
  • Nagata, Kayoko
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Uriu, Keiya
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
  • Kosugi, Yusuke
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
  • Fujita, Shigeru
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
  • Shofa, Maya
    Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki
  • Monira Begum, M.S.T.
    Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University
  • Shimizu, Ryo
    Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University
  • Oda, Yoshitaka
    Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
  • Suzuki, Rigel
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
  • Ito, Hayato
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
  • Nao, Naganori
    Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
  • Wang, Lei
    Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University
  • Tsuda, Masumi
    Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University
  • Yoshimatsu, Kumiko
    Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University
  • Kuramochi, Jin
    Interpark Kuramochi Clinic; Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
  • Kita, Shunsuke
    Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
  • Sasaki-Tabata, Kaori
    Department of Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
  • Fukuhara, Hideo
    Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University; Division of Pathogen Structure, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
  • Maenaka, Katsumi
    Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University; Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University; Division of Pathogen Structure, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
  • Yamamoto, Yuki
    HiLung Inc.
  • Nagamoto, Tetsuharu
    HiLung Inc.
  • Asakura, Hiroyuki
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
  • Nagashima, Mami
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
  • Sadamasu, Kenji
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
  • Yoshimura, Kazuhisa
    Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health
  • Ueno, Takamasa
    Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University
  • Schreiber, Gideon
    Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science
  • Takaori-Kondo, Akifumi
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium
  • Shirakawa, Kotaro
    Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
  • Sawa, Hirofumi
    Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University; Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University
  • Irie, Takashi
    Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
  • Hashiguchi, Takao
    Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University
  • Takayama, Kazuo
    Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University; AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
  • Matsuno, Keita
    One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University; Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
  • Tanaka, Shinya
    Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University
  • Ikeda, Terumasa
    Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University
  • Fukuhara, Takasuke
    Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University; Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University
  • Sato, Kei
    Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo; International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo; Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency

Description

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 variant emerged in May 2022. BA.2.75 is a BA.2 descendant but is phylogenetically distinct from BA.5, the currently predominant BA.2 descendant. Here, we show that BA.2.75 has a greater effective reproduction number and different immunogenicity profile than BA.5. We determined the sensitivity of BA.2.75 to vaccinee and convalescent sera as well as a panel of clinically available antiviral drugs and antibodies. Antiviral drugs largely retained potency but antibody sensitivity varied depending on several key BA.2.75-specific substitutions. The BA.2.75 spike exhibited a profoundly higher affinity for its human receptor, ACE2. Additionally, the fusogenicity, growth efficiency in human alveolar epithelial cells, and intrinsic pathogenicity in hamsters of BA.2.75 were greater than those of BA.2. Our multilevel investigations suggest that BA.2.75 acquired virological properties independent of BA.5, and the potential risk of BA.2.75 to global health is greater than that of BA.5.

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