意思決定における理性と感情の段階的な心理変化プロセスに関する研究 : 大学生の犯罪被害からのリスク回避行動

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  • A study on the graded psychological shift process of reason and affect in decision making : risk aversion behavior of university students from criminal victimization
  • イシ ケッテイ ニ オケル リセイ ト カンジョウ ノ ダンカイテキ ナ シンリ ヘンカ プロセス ニ カンスル ケンキュウ : ダイガクセイ ノ ハンザイ ヒガイ カラ ノ リスク カイヒ コウドウ

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In this study, we will attempt to elucidate the factors that influence behavioral decision-making, such as rejecting or accepting offenders, from the perspective of dual process theory, one of the major theories of decision-making processes in social and cognitive psychology, and the affect heuristic, an intuitive way of thinking based on emotions. We will attempt to elucidate the factors that influence behavioral decision-making, such as rejecting or accepting offenders. The purpose of this study is to elucidate (1) whether human decision-making undergoes a gradual psychological shift (from affect to reason) in risk-averse behavior, and (2) how the affect heuristic is guided by information about risk in situations where benefits are difficult or impossible to enjoy. This research is intended to elucidate these two points. To this end, this study conducted a survey of college students’ attitudes toward offenders (questionnaire survey) and examined how the feelings college students have toward offenders influence their decision-making processes, such as their rejection or acceptance reactions. 　As a result, we were able to clarify the two points (1) and (2) above. Furthermore, from the perspective of the affect heuristic that causes rejection reactions toward offenders, we proposed a new “model of risk and damage in the affect heuristic” based on the relationship between risk and damage, in contrast to the conventional “risk-benefit model” by Finucane et al. (2000) proposed. This allowed us to suggest a relationship between the evaluation of perceived risk and inferred damage in affective and rational decision making. 　In addition, the study revealed that in risk control in corporate management, rational decisions should be made through logical and rational decision making, but in individual risk aversion behavior, there is a high tendency for irrational decisions to be made as emotions take precedence. This suggests that, from the perspective of risk control, the Graded Psychological Shift occurs between intuitive/emotional decision making and logical/rational decision making, depending on whether the perceived risk is within the subject’s acceptable range or not.

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  • 総合政策論叢

    総合政策論叢 45 29-56, 2023-03-07

    島根県立大学総合政策学会

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