Inhibitory effect of cadmium on competitive nodulation ability of Bradyrhizobium japonicum

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Competitive nodulation abilities of Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains USDA110ET and A1017ET were significantly depressed by growing the strains in yeast extract-mannitol broth supplemented with 2μM CdCl2. Soybean seedlings were co-inoculated with each test strain and its competitor strain 138NR, and the bacteria in nodules formed on 21 days old plant roots were identified by the antibiotic resistant markers. Cell surface hydrophobicity of each test strain increased by growing the strains with 2μM CdCl2, though definite increase in bacterial attachment to plant root surface was hindered by excessive secretion of exopolysaccharides of the strains. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that growing the test strains in the medium with 2μM CdCl2 induced the production of lipopolysaccharides of small molecular sizes. The results in this study suggest that cadmium of low concentration causes the weakening of competitive nodulation ability of rhizobia through inhibition of the lipopolysaccharide synthesis.

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