母子保健担当保健師の異文化間看護能力の実態と関連要因の検討

目的：保健師の異文化間看護能力の実態および関連要因を明らかにし、現任教育への示唆を得る。 方法：外国人母への支援経験がある母子保健担当保健師1703名に無記名自記式質問紙調査を行った。基本属性ごとに異文化間看護能力尺度得点を比較し、重回帰分析にて関連要因を検討した。 結果：回答者350名（回収率20.6％）のうち、276名分を有効回答とした（有効回答率78.9％）。得意な外国語（β＝0.238）、改正出入国管理法の内容の理解（β＝0.201）、外国人に関する事業やサービスの理解（β＝0.195）、継続支援した外国人母の人数（β＝0.128）、職場内で外国人支援に関する体制づくりの積極性（β＝0.155）、外国人支援をテーマとした事例検討会の機会（β＝0.117）、外部との連携体制（β＝0.107）が異文化間看護能力尺度得点に関連していた。 考察：異文化間看護能力の向上には、外国人支援の経験を積み、必要な知識を習得するとともに、職場の組織的な取り組みが必要なことが示唆された。 Objective: This study aimed to investigate the cultural competence in nursing of public health nurses in charge of maternal and child health and to examine the related factors of cultural competence. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted on 1703 public health nurses in charge of maternal and child health who were experienced in supporting foreign mothers. The cultural competence in nursing scale scores were compared for each demographic characteristic, and the related factors were examined using multiple regression analysis. Results: Of the 350 respondents （recovery rate 20.6％）, 276 were valid responses（valid responserate 78.9％）. By multiple regression analysis, factors that were shown to be related to the cultural competence in nursing scale scores were as follows: foreign language skills（β＝ 0.238）, comprehension of the contents of the revised Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act（β＝0.201）, understanding of projects and services related to foreigners in their municipality（β＝0.195）, number of experiences of supporting foreign mothers（β＝0.128）, positiveness for creating a system for supporting foreigners（β＝0.155）, opportunities for case study meetings on the subject of foreigner support（β＝0.117）, and collaboration with external organizations（β＝0.107）.