Social Reintegration of Schizophrenia Inpatients Following Evacuation Because of the TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster: An Oral History Interview Study

Objective: This study sought to analyze the narratives of a patient who had lived in a psychiatric hospital for an extended period up to the earthquake, their evacuation behavior and subsequent life after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, and their unplanned return to society post-hospitalization. The goal was to understand the content of these narratives and identify factors that facilitated their reintegration. Method: We gathered data using the oral history method from individuals who had been impacted by the Fukushima nuclear disaster following the earthquake and were evacuated from their hospitals because of official evacuation directives. Results: The participant was diagnosed with schizophrenia during their youth. Nearly 40 years of hospitalization had resulted in a significant loss of self-confidence, which acted as a barrier to their discharge. Following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, the entire town was mandated to evacuate, which included medical institutions hosting inpatients. On the basis of a caseworker’s advice, the participant evacuated with only the most essential items and was subsequently relocated to several different hospitals. Ultimately, the participant spent 1.5 years at Bungosho Hospital. Once their condition stabilized and national policies encouraging community transition were enacted, they had an opportunity for discharge. Because of their stable health condition and financial backing and assistance from related entities, the participant chose to move to a group home. Currently, they reside in an apartment, are actively involved in social activities, have fostered relationships with numerous individuals, and serve as a peer supporter. Conclusion: The success story shared in this research highlight its utility as a guiding strategy for assistance during disasters and promoting community reintegration post-prolonged hospital stays. The findings can be adapted to cater to other patients and supporters under varied circumstances and offer promise for the development of more efficient support initiatives.