<Originals>On poetry born of “dramatic collisions” with reality: With a focus on Czesław Miłosz during the Nazi occupation

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  • <論文>現実との「劇的な衝突」から生まれる詩を巡って --ナチス占領期のチェスワフ・ミウォシュの場合--
  • 現実との「劇的な衝突」から生まれる詩を巡って : ナチス占領期のチェスワフ・ミウォシュの場合
  • ゲンジツ ト ノ 「 ゲキテキ ナ ショウトツ 」 カラ ウマレル シ オ メグッテ : ナチス センリョウキ ノ チェスワフ ・ ミウォシュ ノ バアイ

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Shortly after the war, a controversy arose between the poet Czesław Miłosz and the critic Kazimierz Wyka. According to Wyka, Miłoszʼs wartime poetry was marked by ʻthe pursuit of the beauty as an individualʼ and ʻthe pursuit of ethical and moral values as a citizenʼ, and of these two antithetical pursuits, the poet was exclusively escaping reality in the former. That is why he condemned the poet. This view is not less valid today, but Miłosz, on the other hand, argued that there are no two ʻpursuitsʼ that are in opposition to each other, and concluded that what he could write at the time was “the most complicated poetry”, born of “dramatic collisions” with reality. This article take s the above argument as a starting point to confirm what is the ʻmost complicated poetryʼ in which the two ʻpursuitsʼ do not contradict each other. Focusing on the poems in which Wyka thought that the poet is ʻpursuing beauty as an individualʼ, and paying attention to Miłoszʼs response, this paper examines, among other things, the ironies, contrasts in the works and the subject of the poem. In this way, it will be made clear that the frameworks of ʻthe pursuit of beautyʼ and ʻthe pursuit of ethical and moral valuesʼ, and of ʻanindividualʼ and ʻa citizenʼ, are linked to each other. Finally, it will be confirmed that why Miłosz tried to create the “most complicated poem” out of “dramatic collisions” with reality.

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