A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change
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- J. P. Abraham
- School of Engineering University of St. Thomas St. Paul Minneapolis USA
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- M. Baringer
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami Florida USA
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- N. L. Bindoff
- IMAS University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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- T. Boyer
- National Oceanographic Data Center NOAA Silver Spring Maryland USA
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- L. J. Cheng
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Science Bejing China
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- J. A. Church
- Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Hobart Tasmania Australia
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- J. L. Conroy
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia USA
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- C. M. Domingues
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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- J. T. Fasullo
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
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- J. Gilson
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla California USA
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- G. Goni
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami Florida USA
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- S. A. Good
- Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter UK
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- J. M. Gorman
- School of Engineering University of St. Thomas St. Paul Minneapolis USA
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- V. Gouretski
- Klima Campus Hamburg University Hamburg Germany
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- M. Ishii
- Climate Research Department Meteorological Research Institute Tsukuba Japan
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- G. C. Johnson
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory NOAA Seattle Washington USA
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- S. Kizu
- Department of Geophysics Tohoku University Sendai Japan
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- J. M. Lyman
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory NOAA Seattle Washington USA
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- A. M. Macdonald
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole Massachusettes USA
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- W. J. Minkowycz
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA
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- S. E. Moffitt
- Bodega Marine Laboratory Bodega California USA
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- M. D. Palmer
- Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter UK
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- A. R. Piola
- Departamento Oceanografia, Servicio de Hidrografia Naval and Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmosfera y los Oceanos/UMI IFAECI Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina
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- F. Reseghetti
- ENEA–Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy Sustainable Economic Development UTMAR‐OSS La Spezia Italy
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- K. Schuckmann
- Ifremer Toulon France
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- K. E. Trenberth
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
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- I. Velicogna
- Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine California USA
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- J. K. Willis
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2013-09
- 資源種別
- journal article
- 権利情報
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- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
- DOI
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- 10.1002/rog.20022
- 公開者
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
この論文をさがす
説明
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The evolution of ocean temperature measurement systems is presented with a focus on the development and accuracy of two critical devices in use today (expendable bathythermographs and conductivity‐temperature‐depth instruments used on Argo floats). A detailed discussion of the accuracy of these devices and a projection of the future of ocean temperature measurements are provided. The accuracy of ocean temperature measurements is discussed in detail in the context of ocean heat content, Earth's energy imbalance, and thermosteric sea level rise. Up‐to‐date estimates are provided for these three important quantities. The total energy imbalance at the top of atmosphere is best assessed by taking an inventory of changes in energy storage. The main storage is in the ocean, the latest values of which are presented. Furthermore, despite differences in measurement methods and analysis techniques, multiple studies show that there has been a multidecadal increase in the heat content of both the upper and deep ocean regions, which reflects the impact of anthropogenic warming. With respect to sea level rise, mutually reinforcing information from tide gauges and radar altimetry shows that presently, sea level is rising at approximately 3 mm yr<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> with contributions from both thermal expansion and mass accumulation from ice melt. The latest data for thermal expansion sea level rise are included here and analyzed.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Reviews of Geophysics
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Reviews of Geophysics 51 (3), 450-483, 2013-09
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Tweet
キーワード
- 550
- 3708 Oceanography (for-2020)
- 3706 Geophysics (for-2020)
- 51 Physical sciences (for-2020)
- 7 Affordable and Clean Energy (sdg)
- Oceanography
- 551
- global warming
- Argo float
- Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences (science-metrix)
- expendable bathythermograph
- Engineering
- Affordable and Clean Energy
- western South-Atlantic
- 14 Life Below Water (sdg)
- ocean heat content
- thermosteric sea level rise
- Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
- 04 Earth Sciences (for)
- Life Below Water
- theta-s climatology
- 02 Physical Sciences (for)
- 37 Earth sciences (for-2020)
- surface temperatures
- content variability
- sea-level rise
- expendable bathythermograph XBT
- fall-rate
- 40 Engineering (for-2020)
- Climate Action
- Geophysics
- 37 Earth Sciences (for-2020)
- subsurface temperature
- profiling floats
- Earth energy balance
- Physical Sciences
- earths energy imbalance
- 09 Engineering (for)
- Earth Sciences
- 13 Climate Action (sdg)
詳細情報 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1360002214661735552
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- ISSN
- 19449208
- 87551209
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- 資料種別
- journal article
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- データソース種別
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- Crossref
- KAKEN
- OpenAIRE