Recognition of Viral RNA by Pattern Recognition Receptors in the Induction of Innate Immunity and Excessive Inflammation During Respiratory Viral Infections
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- Masaaki Okamoto
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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- Hirotake Tsukamoto
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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- Takahisa Kouwaki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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- Tsukasa Seya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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- Hiroyuki Oshiumi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
書誌事項
- 公開日
- 2017-07
- 資源種別
- journal article
- 権利情報
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- https://www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/
- DOI
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- 10.1089/vim.2016.0178
- 公開者
- SAGE Publications
この論文をさがす
説明
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against virus infection that triggers the expression of type I interferon (IFN) and proinflammatory cytokines. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns, resulting in the induction of innate immune responses. Viral RNA in endosomes is recognized by Toll-like receptors, and cytoplasmic viral RNA is recognized by RIG-I-like receptors. The host innate immune response is critical for protection against virus infection. However, it has been postulated that an excessive inflammatory response in the lung caused by the innate immune response is harmful to the host and is a cause of lethality during influenza A virus infection. Although the deletion of genes encoding PRRs or proinflammatory cytokines does not improve the mortality of mice infected with influenza A virus, a partial block of the innate immune response is successful in decreasing the mortality rate of mice without a loss of protection against virus infection. In addition, morbidity and mortality rates are influenced by other factors. For example, secondary bacterial infection increases the mortality rate in patients with influenza A virus and in animal models of the disease, and environmental factors, such as cigarette smoke and fine particles, also affect the innate immune response. In this review, we summarize recent findings related to the role of PRRs in innate immune response during respiratory viral infection.
収録刊行物
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- Viral Immunology
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Viral Immunology 30 (6), 408-420, 2017-07
SAGE Publications