Sterilization of Fusarium oxysporum by treatment of non-thermalequilibrium plasma in nutrient solution

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Fusarium wilt of spinach due to <jats:italic>F. oxysporum</jats:italic> infection is one of the most destructive root diseases in hydroponics in factories using the nutrient film technique. We investigated new technologies for the sterilization of microconidia of <jats:italic>F. oxysporum</jats:italic> by using a non-thermalequilibrium plasma treatment method in nutrient solution. Specifically, we investigated the sterilization capabilities of five types of gas (air, O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, He, and Ar) used for plasma generation. The highest sterilization capability was achieved by using O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> plasma. However, ozone, which causes growth inhibition, was then generated and released into the atmosphere. The sterilization capability was lower when N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> or air plasma was used in the nutrient solution. It was confirmed that sterilization can be achieved by plasma treatment using inert gases that do not generate ozone; therefore, we determined that Ar plasma is the most preferable. In addition, we investigated the sterilization capabilities of other factors associated with Ar plasma generation, without direct plasma treatment. However, none of these other factors, which included Ar bubbling, pH reduction, increased temperature, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and UV radiation, could completely reproduce the results of direct plasma treatment. We assume that radicals such as O or OH may contribute significantly to the sterilization of microconidia of <jats:italic>F. oxysporum</jats:italic> in a nutrient solution.</jats:p>

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