The <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mspace width="0.16em" /><mml:msub><mml:mi>k</mml:mi><mml:mi>z</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> periodicity in photoemission from graphite

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Description

The valence band dispersion of the graphite $\ensuremath{\pi}$ band along the ${k}_{z}$ axis was measured using a sequence of photon energies between 60 and 230 eV. The interlayer interaction induces the well-known splitting of the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ band into two, a lower binding energy band ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{\mathrm{L}}$ and a higher binding energy band ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{\mathrm{H}}$. However, in the photoelectron spectra, the bands ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{\mathrm{L}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{\mathrm{H}}$ appeared alternatively in the Brillouin zones along the ${k}_{z}$ direction. As a result, a $4\ensuremath{\pi}$-periodic oscillation in the binding energy as a function of photon energy was observed for the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ band dispersion. This is explained by considering the constructive and destructive interference of ${p}_{z}$ orbitals within the unit cell, called the photoelectron structure factor. We derived the analytic expression of the photoelectron structure factor for graphite. The resonance integrals of the ${p}_{z}$ orbitals were determined for the in-plane and interlayer. Furthermore, the inner potential of graphite from the vacuum level was determined to be 17.17 eV.

Journal

  • Physical Review B

    Physical Review B 97 (4), 045430-, 2018-01-29

    American Physical Society (APS)

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