Response of Upper Clouds in Global Warming Experiments Obtained Using a Global Nonhydrostatic Model with Explicit Cloud Processes

DOI PDF 被引用文献7件 オープンアクセス
  • Masaki Satoh
    Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, and Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan
  • Shin-ichi Iga
    RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Hyogo, Japan
  • Hirofumi Tomita
    Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, and RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Hyogo, Japan
  • Yoko Tsushima
    Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
  • Akira T. Noda
    Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan

書誌事項

公開日
2012-03-14
DOI
  • 10.1175/jcli-d-11-00152.1
公開者
American Meteorological Society

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説明

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Using a global nonhydrostatic model with explicit cloud processes, upper-cloud changes are investigated by comparing the present climate condition under the perpetual July setting and the global warming condition, in which the sea surface temperature (SST) is raised by 2°. The sensitivity of the upper-cloud cover and the ice water path (IWP) are investigated through a set of experiments. The responses of convective mass flux and convective areas are also examined, together with those of the large-scale subsidence and relative humidity in the subtropics. The responses of the IWP and the upper-cloud cover are found to be opposite; that is, as the SST increases, the IWP averaged over the tropics decreases, whereas the upper-cloud cover in the tropics increases. To clarify the IWP response, a simple conceptual model is constructed. The model consists of three columns of deep convective core, anvil, and environmental subsidence regions. The vertical profiles of hydrometers are predicted with cloud microphysics processes and kinematically prescribed circulation. The reduction in convective mass flux is found to be a primary factor in the decrease of the IWP under the global warming condition. Even when a different and more comprehensive cloud microphysics scheme is used, the reduction in the IWP due to the mass flux change is also confirmed.</jats:p>

収録刊行物

  • Journal of Climate

    Journal of Climate 25 (6), 2178-2191, 2012-03-14

    American Meteorological Society

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