One Health contributions towards more effective and equitable approaches to health in low- and middle-income countries

  • S. Cleaveland
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and
  • J. Sharp
    School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
  • B. Abela-Ridder
    Department for the Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
  • K. J. Allan
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and
  • J. Buza
    School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, PO Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
  • J. A. Crump
    Centre for International Health, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
  • A. Davis
    School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
  • V. J. Del Rio Vilas
    School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
  • W. A. de Glanville
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and
  • R. R. Kazwala
    College of Veterinary Medicine and Medical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, PO Box 3105, Morogoro, Tanzania
  • T. Kibona
    School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, PO Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
  • F. J. Lankester
    Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
  • A. Lugelo
    College of Veterinary Medicine and Medical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, PO Box 3105, Morogoro, Tanzania
  • B. T. Mmbaga
    Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, PO Box 2236, Moshi, Tanzania
  • M. P. Rubach
    Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
  • E. S. Swai
    Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, PO Box 9152, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
  • L. Waldman
    Institute for Development Studies, Library Road, Brighton BN1 9RE, UK
  • D. T. Haydon
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and
  • K. Hampson
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and
  • J. E. B. Halliday
    Boyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, and

抄録

<jats:p>Emerging zoonoses with pandemic potential are a stated priority for the global health security agenda, but endemic zoonoses also have a major societal impact in low-resource settings. Although many endemic zoonoses can be treated, timely diagnosis and appropriate clinical management of human cases is often challenging. Preventive ‘One Health’ interventions, e.g. interventions in animal populations that generate human health benefits, may provide a useful approach to overcoming some of these challenges. Effective strategies, such as animal vaccination, already exist for the prevention, control and elimination of many endemic zoonoses, including rabies, and several livestock zoonoses (e.g. brucellosis, leptospirosis, Q fever) that are important causes of human febrile illness and livestock productivity losses in low- and middle-income countries. We make the case that, for these diseases, One Health interventions have the potential to be more effective and generate more equitable benefits for human health and livelihoods, particularly in rural areas, than approaches that rely exclusively on treatment of human cases. We hypothesize that applying One Health interventions to tackle these health challenges will help to build trust, community engagement and cross-sectoral collaboration, which will in turn strengthen the capacity of fragile health systems to respond to the threat of emerging zoonoses and other future health challenges. One Health interventions thus have the potential to align the ongoing needs of disadvantaged communities with the concerns of the broader global community, providing a pragmatic and equitable approach to meeting the global goals for sustainable development and supporting the global health security agenda.</jats:p> <jats:p>This article is part of the themed issue ‘One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being’.</jats:p>

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