Cognitive Bias Modification and Cognitive Control Training in Addiction and Related Psychopathology

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  • Reinout W. Wiers
    Addiction, Development, and Psychopathology Lab (Adapt Lab), Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam
  • Thomas E. Gladwin
    Addiction, Development, and Psychopathology Lab (Adapt Lab), Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam
  • Wilhelm Hofmann
    Center for Decision Research, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago
  • Elske Salemink
    Addiction, Development, and Psychopathology Lab (Adapt Lab), Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam
  • K. Richard Ridderinkhof
    Amsterdam Center for the Study of Adaptive Control in Brain and Behavior (Acacia), Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam

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タイトル別名
  • Mechanisms, Clinical Perspectives, and Ways Forward

説明

<jats:p> The past decade has witnessed a surge in research on training paradigms aimed at directly influencing cognitive processes in addiction and other psychopathology. Broadly, two avenues have been explored: In the first, the aim was to change maladaptive cognitive motivational biases (cognitive bias modification); in the second, the aim was to increase general control processes (e.g., working memory capacity). These approaches are consistent with a dual-process perspective in which psychopathology is related to a combination of disorder-specific impulsive processes and weak general abilities to control these impulses in view of reflective longer-term considerations. After reviewing the evidence for dual-process models in addiction, we discuss a number of critical issues, along with suggestions for further research. We argue that theoretical advancement, along with a better understanding of the underlying neurocognitive processes, is crucial for adequately responding to recent criticisms on dual-process models and for optimizing training paradigms for use in clinical practice. </jats:p>

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