Comparative Phylogenomics of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Reveals Clade Specificity and Microevolution of Hypervirulent Strains

DOI Web Site 被引用文献1件
  • R. A. Stabler
    Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
  • D. N. Gerding
    Infectious Disease Section and Research Service, Department of Medicine, Hines Veterans Affairs Hospital and Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Hines, Illinois 60141
  • J. G. Songer
    Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
  • D. Drudy
    Centre for Food Safety, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
  • J. S. Brazier
    Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, NPHS Microbiology Cardiff, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, United Kingdom
  • H. T. Trinh
    Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
  • A. A. Witney
    Bacterial Microarray Group, Medical Microbiology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
  • J. Hinds
    Bacterial Microarray Group, Medical Microbiology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
  • B. W. Wren
    Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom

書誌事項

公開日
2006-10
権利情報
  • https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license
DOI
  • 10.1128/jb.00664-06
公開者
American Society for Microbiology

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説明

<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title> <jats:p> <jats:italic>Clostridium difficile</jats:italic> is the most frequent cause of nosocomial diarrhea worldwide, and recent reports suggested the emergence of a hypervirulent strain in North America and Europe. In this study, we applied comparative phylogenomics (whole-genome comparisons using DNA microarrays combined with Bayesian phylogenies) to model the phylogeny of <jats:italic>C. difficile</jats:italic> , including 75 diverse isolates comprising hypervirulent, toxin-variable, and animal strains. The analysis identified four distinct statistically supported clusters comprising a hypervirulent clade, a toxin A <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> B <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> clade, and two clades with human and animal isolates. Genetic differences among clades revealed several genetic islands relating to virulence and niche adaptation, including antibiotic resistance, motility, adhesion, and enteric metabolism. Only 19.7% of genes were shared by all strains, confirming that this enteric species readily undergoes genetic exchange. This study has provided insight into the possible origins of <jats:italic>C. difficile</jats:italic> and its evolution that may have implications in disease control strategies. </jats:p>

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