<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>According to the level of change an invention makes on existing things and how it overrides people’s mental schemas on established categories, new inventions can be classified into two groups: incremental inventions (i.e., renovations), which make minor improvements on existing designs, and radical inventions (i.e., innovations), which make major developments that enable people to do things they have never been able to do before. Although innovation and renovation are two fundamentally different types of creation that feature new changes ranging from those in product development to those in large scale social changes, and people tend to report higher subjective preferences for incremental inventions compared to radical inventions, the cognitive brain mechanisms underlying the mental representation of these two types of inventions remains unknown. Through the use of innovative and renovative designs as materials, we found that relative to non-creative designs, creative (renovative &innovative) designs enhanced memory or association-related activation in the right parahippocampus. In particular, innovations evoked more activation in the conceptual pathway for representing objects than did renovations, whereas renovations evoked more activation in the motor pathway than innovations. These results suggest that operating experiences may provide advantages for understanding and appreciating creative designs.</jats:p>