Emerging Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials for Cancer Radiation Therapy
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- Guosheng Song
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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- Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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- Yu Chao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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- Kai Yang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD‐X) Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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- Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
説明
<jats:p>Radiation therapy (RT) including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT) has been widely used for clinical cancer treatment. However, owing to the low radiation absorption of tumors, high doses of ionizing radiations are often needed during RT, leading to severe damages to normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Meanwhile, the RT efficacies are limited by different mechanisms, among which the tumor hypoxia‐associated radiation resistance is a well‐known one, as there exists hypoxia inside most solid tumors while oxygen is essential to enhance radiation‐induced DNA damages. With the development in nanotechnology, there have been great interests in using nanomedicine strategies to enhance radiation responses of tumors. Nanomaterials containing high‐Z elements to absorb radiation rays (e.g. X‐ray) can act as radio‐sensitizers to deposit radiation energy within tumors and promote treatment efficacy. Nanoscale carriers are able to deliver therapeutic radioisotopes into tumors for internal RIT, or chemotherapeutic drugs for synergistically combined chemo‐radiotherapy. As uncovered in recent studies, the tumor microenvironment could be modulated by various nanomedicine approaches to overcome hypoxia‐associated radiation resistance. Herein, the authors will summarize the applications of nanomedicine for RT cancer treatment, and pay particular attention to the latest development of ‘advanced materials' for enhanced cancer RT.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Advanced Materials
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Advanced Materials 29 (32), 1700996-, 2017-06-23
Wiley