Computed tomographic examination of the articular process joints of the cervical spine in warmblood horses: 86 cases (2015–2017)

DOI XML XML 被引用文献2件
  • Tibor Rovel
    From the Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, Biometrics Research Group,
  • Marieke Zimmerman
    Equitom Equine Hospital, 3560 Meldert, Belgium.
  • Luc Duchateau
    From the Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, Biometrics Research Group,
  • Catherine Delesalle
    Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Research Group Comparative Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
  • Edouard Adriaensen
    Equitom Equine Hospital, 3560 Meldert, Belgium.
  • Tom Mariën
    Equitom Equine Hospital, 3560 Meldert, Belgium.
  • Jimmy H. Saunders
    From the Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, Biometrics Research Group,
  • Katrien Vanderperren
    From the Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging, Biometrics Research Group,

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:sec id="s001"> <jats:title>OBJECTIVE</jats:title> <jats:p>To describe articular process joints (APJs) of the cervical spine in horses on the basis of CT and to determine whether abnormalities were associated with clinical signs.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="s002"> <jats:title>ANIMALS</jats:title> <jats:p>86 client-owned warmblood horses.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="s003"> <jats:title>PROCEDURES</jats:title> <jats:p>Horses that underwent CT of the cervical spine between January 2015 and January 2017 were eligible for study inclusion. Medical records were reviewed for age, body weight, breed, sex, history, clinical signs, and CT findings. Horses were divided into 3 case groups and 1 control group on the basis of clinical signs.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="s004"> <jats:title>RESULTS</jats:title> <jats:p>70 warmblood horses were cases, and 16 were controls. Abnormalities were more frequent from C5 through T1 and were severe in only horses from the case group. Narrowing of the intervertebral foramen was common in horses in the case group (85.7%), often owing to enlarged, misshaped articular processes, followed by degenerative changes, periarticular osteolysis, cyst-like lesions, and fragmentation. High articular process-to-vertebral body (C6) ratio (APBR) and high-grade narrowing of the intervertebral foramen and periarticular osteolysis were noted for horses with forelimb lameness or signs of cervical pain or stiffness. No association was identified between APBR and age or sex. An APBR > 1.5 was found in only horses in the case group, and 32.3% of APJs with APBRs > 1.5 did not have any degenerative changes and periarticular osteolysis.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec id="s005"> <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE</jats:title> <jats:p>CT was useful to identify abnormalities of the APJs of the cervical spine. An association existed between CT findings and clinical signs. The APJs can be enlarged without concurrent degenerative changes.</jats:p> </jats:sec>

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