Association of poor oral health status and faecal incontinence in patients with dysphagia: A cross‐sectional analysis from the Sarcopenic Dysphagia Database

  • Akio Shimizu
    Department of Health Science, Faculty of Health and Human Development The University of Nagano Nagano Japan
  • Hiroki Maki
    Department of Pharmacy Kofu Municipal Hospital Kofu Yamanashi Japan
  • Tomohisa Ohno
    Department of Dentistry Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital Hamamatsu Japan
  • Akiko Nomoto
    Department of Dentistry Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital Hamamatsu Japan
  • Ichiro Fujishima
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Hamamatsu City Rehabilitation Hospital Hamamatsu Japan
  • Jun Kayashita
    Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Culture and Science Prefectural University of Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
  • Ryo Momosaki
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Japan
  • Shinta Nishioka
    Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Service Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital Nagasaki Japan
  • Hidetaka Wakabayashi
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Tokyo Women's Medical University Tokyo Japan

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Poor oral health status may alter oral and gut microbiota. Previous studies have shown that poor oral health can exacerbate gut inflammation. Therefore, poor oral health status may be related to faecal incontinence via changes in the gut.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the association between poor oral health status and faecal incontinence in inpatients with dysphagia.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>This multicentre cross‐sectional study included 423 patients (mean age 79.8 ± 11.5 years, 48.2% female) with dysphagia. Oral health status was assessed at each facility using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) or the Revised Oral Assessment Guide (ROAG). Poor oral health status was defined as an OHAT score of ≥3 or a ROAG score of ≥13. A multivariate logistic model was used to analyse the association between poor oral health status and faecal incontinence.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>A total of 351 (83.0%) patients had poor oral health and 97 (22.7%) had faecal incontinence. Patients with poor oral health status had a higher proportion of faecal incontinence than those with normal oral health status (25.4% vs. 11.1%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .009). A multivariate logistic model revealed an association between faecal incontinence and poor oral health status (adjusted odds ratio = 2.501, 95% confidence interval = 1.065–5.873, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .035).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Poor oral health status assessed by OHAT or ROAG in inpatients with dysphagia may adversely affect faecal incontinence. Further studies are needed to determine the causal relationship between poor oral health status and faecal incontinence.</jats:p></jats:sec>

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