The number of tree species on Earth

DOI Web Site 被引用文献3件
  • Roberto Cazzolla Gatti
    Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
  • Peter B. Reich
    Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
  • Javier G. P. Gamarra
    Forestry Department, FAO, Rome 00153, Italy
  • Tom Crowther
    Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
  • Cang Hui
    Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
  • Albert Morera
    Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida 25198 Lleida, Spain
  • Jean-Francois Bastin
    TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
  • Sergio de-Miguel
    Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida 25198 Lleida, Spain
  • Gert-Jan Nabuurs
    Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • Jens-Christian Svenning
    Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
  • Josep M. Serra-Diaz
    AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, Université de Lorraine 5400 Nancy, France
  • Cory Merow
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT 06268
  • Brian Enquist
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
  • Maria Kamenetsky
    Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53704
  • Junho Lee
    Statistics Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
  • Jun Zhu
    Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706
  • Jinyun Fang
    Institute of Botany, CAS, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Douglass F. Jacobs
    Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
  • Bryan Pijanowski
    Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
  • Arindam Banerjee
    Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, IL 61801
  • Robert A. Giaquinto
    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55108
  • Giorgio Alberti
    Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine 33100, Italy
  • Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano
    Spatial Ecology and Conservation Lab, Department of Tourism, Hospitality, and Events Management, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
  • Esteban Alvarez-Davila
    Escuela de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Nacional (Colombia) Abierta y a Distancia, Bogotá 2102, Colombia
  • Alejandro Araujo-Murakami
    Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Casilla 2489, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
  • Valerio Avitabile
    European Commission, Joint Research Centre 21027 Ispra, Italy
  • Gerardo A. Aymard
    Compensation International Progress S. A.–Ciprogress Greenlife, Bogotá, Colombia
  • Radomir Balazy
    Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Raszyn 05-090, Poland
  • Chris Baraloto
    International Center for Tropical Botany, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33133
  • Jorcely G. Barroso
    Forest Science Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Center, Universidade Federal do Acre, Cruzeiro do Sul 69920-900, Brazil
  • Meredith L. Bastian
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., Washington, DC 20001
  • Philippe Birnbaum
    AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier 34090, France
  • Robert Bitariho
    Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Kabale, Uganda
  • Jan Bogaert
    TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
  • Frans Bongers
    Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • Olivier Bouriaud
    Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control, University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava 720229 Suceava, Romania
  • Pedro H. S. Brancalion
    Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
  • Francis Q. Brearley
    Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
  • Eben North Broadbent
    Spatial Ecology and Conservation Lab, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
  • Filippo Bussotti
    Department of Agriculture, Alimentation, Environment and Forestry, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze 50144, Italy
  • Wendeson Castro da Silva
    Amazonia Green Landscape Protection and Governance Programme, SOS Amazônia, Rio Branco 69905-082, Brazil
  • Ricardo Gomes César
    Department of Forest Sciences, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
  • Goran Češljar
    Department of Spatial Regulation, GIS and Forest Policy, Institute of Forestry 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
  • Víctor Chama Moscoso
    Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco 08000, Peru
  • Han Y. H. Chen
    Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1
  • Emil Cienciala
    Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research 254 01 Jilove u Prahy, Czech Republic
  • Connie J. Clark
    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
  • David A. Coomes
    Department of Plant Sciences in the Conservation Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom
  • Selvadurai Dayanandan
    Quebec Center for Biodiversity Sciences, Centre for Sustainability Research, CSFG and Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, ON QC H3G 1M8, Canada
  • Mathieu Decuyper
    Laboratory for Geoinformation Science and Remote Sensing, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • Laura E. Dee
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
  • Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel
    Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
  • Géraldine Derroire
    Cirad, UMREcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane) 97 310 Kourou, French Guiana
  • Marie Noel Kamdem Djuikouo
    Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
  • Tran Van Do
    Silviculture Rearch Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Jiri Dolezal
    Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Science 25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
  • Ilija Đ. Đorđević
    Department of Spatial Regulation, GIS and Forest Policy, Institute of Forestry 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
  • Julien Engel
    AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5 F-34398, France
  • Tom M. Fayle
    School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
  • Ted R. Feldpausch
    College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4PY, United Kingdom
  • Jonas K. Fridman
    Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala 750 07, Sweden
  • David J. Harris
    Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, United Kingdom
  • Andreas Hemp
    Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
  • Geerten Hengeveld
    Biometris & Forest and Nature Policy Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • Bruno Herault
    CIRAD, UPR Forêts et Sociétés, Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
  • Martin Herold
    Laboratory for Geoinformation Science and Remote Sensing, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • Thomas Ibanez
    Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, Equipe Sol & Végétation 98800, New Caledonia
  • Andrzej M. Jagodzinski
    Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kornik 62-035, Poland
  • Bogdan Jaroszewicz
    Białowieża Geobotanical Station, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw 17-230, Poland
  • Kathryn J. Jeffery
    Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, United Kingdom
  • Vivian Kvist Johannsen
    Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
  • Tommaso Jucker
    School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
  • Ahto Kangur
    Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia
  • Victor N. Karminov
    Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
  • Kuswata Kartawinata
    Integrative Research Center, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL 60605
  • Deborah K. Kennard
    Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Colorado Mesa University, Grand Junction, CO 81501-3122
  • Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas
    Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1017, Denmark
  • Gunnar Keppel
    UniSA STEM and Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia 5001 Adelaide, Australia
  • Mohammed Latif Khan
    Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar 470003, India
  • Pramod Kumar Khare
    Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Madhya Pradesh Sagar-470003, India
  • Timothy J. Kileen
    Museo de Historia natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
  • Hyun Seok Kim
    Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
  • Henn Korjus
    Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia
  • Amit Kumar
    Department of Geoinformatics, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, Jharkhand, India
  • Ashwani Kumar
    Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar 470003, India
  • Diana Laarmann
    Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia
  • Nicolas Labrière
    Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174 (CNRS/IRD/UPS) 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
  • Mait Lang
    Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia
  • Simon L. Lewis
    School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
  • Natalia Lukina
    Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
  • Brian S. Maitner
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
  • Yadvinder Malhi
    Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom
  • Andrew R. Marshall
    Forest Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs QLD 4556, Australia
  • Olga V. Martynenko
    All-Russian Institute of Continuous Education in Forestry 141200 Pushkino, Moscow region, Russia
  • Abel L. Monteagudo Mendoza
    Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
  • Petr V. Ontikov
    FSBI “ROSLESINFORG,” 141208 Ivanteevka, Moscow region, Russia
  • Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi
    Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Insttuto Tecnologico de Costa Rica, Cartago 30101, Costa Rica
  • Nadir C. Pallqui Camacho
    Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
  • Alain Paquette
    Département des sciences biologiques, Centre for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3P8
  • Minjee Park
    Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
  • Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy
    Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
  • Pablo Luis Peri
    Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria–Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral–CONICET, Río Gallegos CP 9400, Argentina
  • Pascal Petronelli
    Cirad, UMREcoFoG (Agroparistech, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane) 97 310 Kourou, French Guiana
  • Sebastian Pfautsch
    Urban Ecosystem Research, School of Social Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
  • Oliver L. Phillips
    School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
  • Nicolas Picard
    Forestry Department, FAO, Rome 00153, Italy
  • Daniel Piotto
    Laboratory of Tropical Dendrology and Forestry, Training Center in Agroforestry Sciences, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Ilheus 45613-204, Brazil
  • Lourens Poorter
    Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands
  • John R. Poulsen
    Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708
  • Hans Pretzsch
    School of Life Sciences, Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich 85354 Freising, Germany
  • Hirma Ramírez-Angulo
    Instituto de Investigaciones paa el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
  • Zorayda Restrepo Correa
    Escuela Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
  • Mirco Rodeghiero
    Agriculture Food Environment Centre (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all’Adige 38122, Italy
  • Rocío Del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles
    Herbario Selva Central (HOXA), Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco Mz.E-6, Peru
  • Samir G. Rolim
    Laboratory of Tropical Dendrology and Forestry, Training Center in Agroforestry Sciences, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Ilheus 45613-204, Brazil
  • Francesco Rovero
    Department of Biology, University of Florence 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
  • Ervan Rutishauser
    InfoFlora, Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique de Genève 1292 Chambesy, Switzerland
  • Purabi Saikia
    Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi 835205, India
  • Christian Salas-Eljatib
    Centro de Modelacion y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas, Universidad Mayor, Universidad de La Frontera, Santiago, Chile
  • Dmitry Schepaschenko
    Sukachev Institute of Forest of the SB Russian Academy of Sciences 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
  • Michael Scherer-Lorenzen
    Faculty of Biology, Geobotany, University of Freiburg 79104 Freiburg, Germany
  • Vladimír Šebeň
    National Forest Centre 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
  • Marcos Silveira
    Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, Center of Biological and Nature Sciences, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco 69920-900, Brazil
  • Ferry Slik
    Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam BE1410 Gadong, Brunei
  • Bonaventure Sonké
    Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Alexandre F. Souza
    CB, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
  • Krzysztof Jan Stereńczak
    Department of Geomatics, Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Raszyn 05-090, Poland
  • Miroslav Svoboda
    Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague 16521 Prague, Czech Republic
  • Hermann Taedoumg
    Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Nadja Tchebakova
    Sukachev Institute of Forest of the SB Russian Academy of Sciences 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
  • John Terborgh
    Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
  • Elena Tikhonova
    Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
  • Armando Torres-Lezama
    Instituto de Investigaciones paa el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
  • Fons van der Plas
    Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Leipzig University 04103 Leipzig, Germany
  • Rodolfo Vásquez
    Herbario Selva Central (HOXA), Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Oxapampa, Pasco Mz.E-6, Peru
  • Helder Viana
    Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados 5000-801 Vila Real, Viseu, Portugal
  • Alexander C. Vibrans
    Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Blumenau-Santa Catarina 89030, Brazil
  • Emilio Vilanova
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
  • Vincent A. Vos
    Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Riberalta, Beni 2W3Q+VHJ, Bolivia
  • Hua-Feng Wang
    Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • Bertil Westerlund
    Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå 750 07, Sweden
  • Lee J. T. White
    Ministere des Eaux, des Forets, de la Mer et de l’Environnement chargé du Plan Climat et Objectifs de Development Durable, Estuaire Libreville, Gabon
  • Susan K. Wiser
    Manaaki Whenua–Landcare Research, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand
  • Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki
    State Forests–Coordination Centre for Environmental Projects, Warsaw 02-362, Poland
  • Lise Zemagho
    Plant Systematic and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Zhi-Xin Zhu
    Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • Irié C. Zo-Bi
    Département FOREN, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Yamoussoukro BP 1093, Côte d’Ivoire
  • Jingjing Liang
    Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907

抄録

<jats:title>Significance</jats:title> <jats:p>Tree diversity is fundamental for forest ecosystem stability and services. However, because of limited available data, estimates of tree diversity at large geographic domains still rely heavily on published lists of species descriptions that are geographically uneven in coverage. These limitations have precluded efforts to generate a global perspective. Here, based on a ground-sourced global database, we estimate the number of tree species at biome, continental, and global scales. We estimated a global tree richness (≈73,300) that is ≈14% higher than numbers known today, with most undiscovered species being rare, continentally endemic, and tropical or subtropical. These results highlight the vulnerability of global tree species diversity to anthropogenic changes.</jats:p>

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