Trans-scale thermal signaling in biological systems

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  • Madoka Suzuki
    Osaka University Institute for Protein Research, , 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
  • Chujie Liu
    Osaka University Institute for Protein Research, , 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
  • Kotaro Oyama
    National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Foundational Quantum Technology Research Directorate, , 1233 Watanukimachi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
  • Toshiko Yamazawa
    The Jikei University School of Medicine Core Research Facilities, , 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan

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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>Biochemical reactions in cells serve as the endogenous source of heat, maintaining a constant body temperature. This process requires proper control; otherwise, serious consequences can arise due to the unwanted but unavoidable responses of biological systems to heat. This review aims to present a range of responses to heat in biological systems across various spatial scales. We begin by examining the impaired thermogenesis of malignant hyperthermia in model mice and skeletal muscle cells, demonstrating that the progression of this disease is caused by a positive feedback loop between thermally driven Ca2+ signaling and thermogenesis at the subcellular scale. After we explore thermally driven force generation in both muscle and non-muscle cells, we illustrate how in vitro assays using purified proteins can reveal the heat-responsive properties of proteins and protein assemblies. Building on these experimental findings, we propose the concept of ‘trans-scale thermal signaling’.</jats:p>

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