Elevated liver enzymes and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of more than one million participants
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- Jamal Rahmani
- Department of Community Nutrition
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- Ali Miri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol
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- Iman Namjoo
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Security Research Center
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- Negar Zamaninour
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center
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- Mohammad B. Maljaei
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences
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- Kehua Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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- Raminta Cerneviciute
- Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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- Seyed M. Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran
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- Hamed K. Varkaneh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
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- Ammar Salehisahlabadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
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- Yong Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Health Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
説明
<jats:p>Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are commonly used liver function markers. We performed a dose–response meta-analysis to investigate the association between liver enzymes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in prospective cohort studies. We conducted a systematic search up to April 2018 in Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model as described by DerSimonian and Laird. Dose–response analysis was also carried out. Twenty-three studies with 1 067 922 participants reported association between GGT and CVD mortality and were included in our analysis. Pooled results showed a significant association between GGT and risk of CVD mortality (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.47–1.78, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.001, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>-heterogeneity=0.001) and it was HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.73–1.07; <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.221, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>-heterogeneity=0.028, for ALT. There was a direct association between baseline levels of ALP and AST/ALT ratio with CVD mortality (HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.11–1.89; <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.005, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>-heterogeneity=0.026, and HR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.60–3.04; <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.001, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>-heterogeneity=0.540, respectively). Pooled results did not show any significant association between AST and the risk of CVD mortality (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.83–1.73; <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.313, <jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>-heterogeneity=0.024). Moreover, there was a significant nonlinear association between GGT and ALP levels and the risk of CVD mortality (<jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>=0.008 and 0.016, respectively). Our dose–response meta-analysis revealed a direct relationship between GGT and ALP levels and the risk of CVD mortality. High levels of GGT, ALP and AST/ALT were associated with an increased CVD mortality rate.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
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European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 31 (5), 555-562, 2019-05
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)