Using Principal Component Analysis of Satellite and Ground Magnetic Data to Model the Equatorial Electrojet and Derive Its Tidal Composition

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  • Gabriel Soares
    Observatório Nacional Rio de Janeiro Brazil
  • Yosuke Yamazaki
    Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics University of Rostock Kühlungsborn Germany
  • Achim Morschhauser
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
  • Jürgen Matzka
    GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
  • Katia J. Pinheiro
    Observatório Nacional Rio de Janeiro Brazil
  • Claudia Stolle
    Leibniz Institute of Atmospheric Physics University of Rostock Kühlungsborn Germany
  • Patrick Alken
    Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA
  • Akimasa Yoshikawa
    International Center for Space Weather Science and Education ICSWSE Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
  • Kornyanat Hozumi
    Space Environment Laboratory National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Koganei Japan
  • Atul Kulkarni
    Indian Institute of Geomagnetism Navi Mumbai India
  • Pornchai Supnithi
    School of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

書誌事項

公開日
2022-09
資源種別
journal article
権利情報
  • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
DOI
  • 10.1029/2022ja030691
公開者
American Geophysical Union (AGU)

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説明

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The intensity of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) shows temporal and spatial variability that is not yet fully understood nor accurately modeled. Atmospheric solar tides are among the main drivers of this variability but determining different tidal components and their respective time series is challenging. It requires good temporal and spatial coverage with observations, which, previously could only be achieved by accumulating data over many years. Here, we propose a new technique for modeling the EEJ based on principal component analysis (PCA) of a hybrid ground‐satellite geomagnetic data set. The proposed PCA‐based model (PCEEJ) represents the observed EEJ better than the climatological EEJM‐2 model, especially when there is good local time separation among the satellites involved. The amplitudes of various solar tidal modes are determined from PCEEJ based tidal equation fitting. This allows to evaluate interannual and intraannual changes of solar tidal signatures in the EEJ. On average, the obtained time series of migrating and nonmigrating tides agree with the average climatology available from earlier work. A comparison of tidal signatures in the EEJ with tides derived from neutral atmosphere temperature observations show a remarkable correlation for nonmigrating tides such as DE3, DE2, DE4, and SW4. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain a meaningful EEJ spectrum related to solar tides for a relatively short time interval of 70 days.</jats:p>

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