Photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with modulated photonic crystals enabling 2D beam scanning and various beam pattern emission

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  • Ryoichi Sakata
    Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University 1 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • Kenji Ishizaki
    Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University 1 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • Menaka De Zoysa
    Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University 1 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • Kyoko Kitamura
    Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University 2 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • Takuya Inoue
    Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University 1 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • John Gelleta
    Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University 2 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
  • Susumu Noda
    Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto University 1 , Kyoto 615-8510, Japan

Description

<jats:p>Photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) with modulated photonic crystals have attracted much attention for their unrivaled capabilities, such as broad area coherent resonance, and lens-free beam scanning and flash illumination. In this paper, we first explain the principles and the development of PCSELs with modulated photonic crystals toward non-mechanical two-dimensional (2D) beam-scanning applications. Then, we show PCSELs with modulated photonic crystals, whose modulation is designed based on an inverse Fourier transform to enable the emission of various beam patterns, such as flash patterns and multi-dot patterns, from a single photonic crystal without using external optical elements. This demonstration underscores the flexibility of PCSELs with modulated photonic crystals as compact, highly functional light sources for a wide range of applications, including not only beam-scanning-type, flash-type, and multidot-type light detection and ranging but also advanced object recognition and adaptive illumination.</jats:p>

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