The Role of the Upper Tidal Estuary in Wetland Blue Carbon Storage and Flux

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  • Ken W. Krauss
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Gregory B. Noe
    Hydrological‐Ecological Interactions Branch U.S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA
  • Jamie A. Duberstein
    Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University Georgetown SC USA
  • William H. Conner
    Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University Georgetown SC USA
  • Camille L. Stagg
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Nicole Cormier
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Miriam C. Jones
    Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA
  • Christopher E. Bernhardt
    Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA
  • B. Graeme Lockaby
    School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL USA
  • Andrew S. From
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Thomas W. Doyle
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Richard H. Day
    Wetland and Aquatic Research Center U.S. Geological Survey Lafayette LA USA
  • Scott H. Ensign
    Hydrological‐Ecological Interactions Branch U.S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA
  • Katherine N. Pierfelice
    School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL USA
  • Cliff R. Hupp
    Hydrological‐Ecological Interactions Branch U.S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA
  • Alex T. Chow
    Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University Georgetown SC USA
  • Julie L. Whitbeck
    Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve National Park Service New Orleans LA USA

書誌事項

公開日
2018-05
権利情報
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am
  • http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
DOI
  • 10.1029/2018gb005897
公開者
American Geophysical Union (AGU)

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説明

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Carbon (C) standing stocks, C mass balance, and soil C burial in tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) and TFFW transitioning to low‐salinity marshes along the upper estuary are not typically included in “blue carbon” accounting, but may represent a significant C sink. Results from two salinity transects along the tidal Waccamaw and Savannah rivers of the U.S. Atlantic Coast show that total C standing stocks were 322–1,264 Mg C/ha among all sites, generally shifting to greater soil storage as salinity increased. Carbon mass balance inputs (litterfall, woody growth, herbaceous growth, root growth, and surface accumulation) minus C outputs (surface litter and root decomposition, gaseous C) over a period of up to 11 years were 340–900 g C · m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> · year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. Soil C burial was variable (7–337 g C · m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> · year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>), and lateral C export was estimated as C mass balance minus soil C burial as 267–849 g C · m<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> · year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>. This represents a large amount of C export to support aquatic biogeochemical transformations. Despite reduced C persistence within emergent vegetation, decomposition of organic matter, and higher lateral C export, total C storage increased as forests converted to marsh with salinization. These tidal river wetlands exhibited high N mineralization in salinity‐stressed forested sites and considerable P mineralization in low‐salinity marshes. Large C standing stocks and rates of C sequestration suggest that TFFW and oligohaline marshes are considerably important globally to coastal C dynamics and in facilitating energy transformations in areas of the world in which they occur.</jats:p>

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