Bulk
            <scp>RNA</scp>
            degradation by nitrogen starvation‐induced autophagy in yeast

Hanghang Huang, Tomoko Kawamata, Tetsuro Horie, Hiroshi Tsugawa, Yasumune Nakayama, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Eiichiro Fukusaki

doi:10.15252/embj.201490621

Autophagy is a catabolic process conserved among eukaryotes. Under nutrient starvation, a portion of the cytoplasm is non-selectively sequestered into autophagosomes. Consequently, ribosomes are delivered to the vacuole/lysosome for destruction, but the precise mechanism of autophagic RNA degradation and its physiological implications for cellular metabolism remain unknown. We characterized autophagy-dependent RNA catabolism using a combination of metabolome and molecular biological analyses in yeast. RNA delivered to the vacuole was processed by Rny1, a T2-type ribonuclease, generating 3'-NMPs that were immediately converted to nucleosides by the vacuolar non-specific phosphatase Pho8. In the cytoplasm, these nucleosides were broken down by the nucleosidases Pnp1 and Urh1. Most of the resultant bases were not re-assimilated, but excreted from the cell. Bulk non-selective autophagy causes drastic perturbation of metabolism, which must be minimized to maintain intracellular homeostasis.

Bulk <scp>RNA</scp> degradation by nitrogen starvation‐induced autophagy in yeast

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