Prevalence and Complications of Single-Gene and Chromosomal Disorders in Craniosynostosis
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- Andrew O. M. Wilkie
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine,
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- Jo C. Byren
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, and
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- Jane A. Hurst
- Department of Clinical Genetics and
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- Jayaratnam Jayamohan
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, and
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- David Johnson
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, and
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- Samantha J. L. Knight
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, and
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- Tracy Lester
- Genetics Laboratories, Churchill Hospital, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
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- Peter G. Richards
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, and
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- Stephen R. F. Twigg
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine,
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- Steven A. Wall
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, and
説明
<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVES:</jats:title><jats:p>We describe the first cohort-based analysis of the impact of genetic disorders in craniosynostosis. We aimed to refine the understanding of prognoses and pathogenesis and to provide rational criteria for clinical genetic testing.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:</jats:title><jats:p>We undertook targeted molecular genetic and cytogenetic testing for 326 children who required surgery because of craniosynostosis, were born in 1993–2002, presented to a single craniofacial unit, and were monitored until the end of 2007.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:</jats:title><jats:p>Eighty-four children (and 64 relatives) had pathologic genetic alterations (86% single-gene mutations and 14% chromosomal abnormalities). The FGFR3 P250R mutation was the single largest contributor (24%) to the genetic group. Genetic diagnoses accounted for 21% of all craniosynostosis cases and were associated with increased rates of many complications. Children with an initial clinical diagnosis of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis were more likely to have a causative mutation if the synostoses were unicoronal or bicoronal (10 of 48 cases) than if they were sagittal or metopic (0 of 55 cases; P = .0003). Repeat craniofacial surgery was required for 58% of children with single-gene mutations but only 17% of those with chromosomal abnormalities (P = .01).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:</jats:title><jats:p>Clinical genetic assessment is critical for the treatment of children with craniosynostosis. Genetic testing of nonsyndromic cases (at least for FGFR3 P250R and FGFR2 exons IIIa/c) should be targeted to patients with coronal or multisuture synostoses. Single-gene disorders that disrupt physiologic signaling in the cranial sutures often require reoperation, whereas chromosomal abnormalities follow a more-indolent course, which suggests a different, secondary origin of the associated craniosynostosis.</jats:p></jats:sec>
収録刊行物
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- Pediatrics
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Pediatrics 126 (2), e391-e400, 2010-08-01
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)