Thigh positioned wearable resistance affects step frequency not step length during 50 m sprint‐running

DOI Web Site PubMed 1 Citations
  • Paul Macadam
    Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) AUT University Auckland New Zealand
  • Sergi Nuell
    Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
  • John B. Cronin
    Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) AUT University Auckland New Zealand
  • Aaron M. Uthoff
    Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) AUT University Auckland New Zealand
  • Ryu Nagahara
    National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya Kanoya Japan
  • Jono Neville
    Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) AUT University Auckland New Zealand
  • Scott P. Graham
    Institute for Health and Sport Victoria University Melbourne Australia
  • Farhan Tinwala
    Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) AUT University Auckland New Zealand

Description

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This study determined the acute changes in spatio‐temporal and impulse variables when wearable resistance (WR) of 2% body mass was attached distally to the thighs during 50 m maximal sprint‐running. Fifteen sub‐elite male sprinters performed sprints with and without WR over 50 m of in‐ground force platforms in a randomised order. A paired t‐test was used to determine statistical differences (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .05), with effect sizes (ES) calculated between conditions over steps: 1–4, 5–14, and 15–23. WR resulted in small increased 10 and 50 m sprint times (1.0%, ES = 0.31, 0.9%, ES = 0.44, respectively, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> > .05) compared to the unloaded sprint condition. For spatio‐temporal variables, the WR condition resulted in moderate ES changes in step frequency (−2.8%, ES = −0.53, steps 5–14, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> > .05), and contact time (2.5%, ES = 0.57, steps 5–14, and 3.2%, ES = 0.51, average of 23 steps, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> > .05), while step length was unaffected during all step phases of the sprint (ES = 0.02–0.07, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> > .05). Regarding kinetics, during steps 5–14, WR resulted in a moderate decrease (−4.8%, ES = −0.73, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .05) in net anterior‐posterior impulses and a moderate decrease in vertical stiffness (−5.7%, ES = −0.57, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> > .05). For athletes seeking to overload step frequency and develop anterior‐posterior impulse during mid to late accelerated sprinting, WR enables the application of a sprint‐specific form of resistance training to be completed without decreasing step length.</jats:p>

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