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- Patrick E. Phelan
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287;,
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- Kamil Kaloush
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281;
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- Mark Miner
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287;,
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- Jay Golden
- Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment and Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708;
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- Bernadette Phelan
- Synectics for Management Decisions, Inc., Arlington, Virginia 22209;
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- Humberto Silva
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131;
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- Robert A. Taylor
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering and the School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia;
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説明
<jats:p> Urban heat island (UHI) manifests as the temperature rise in built-up urban areas relative to the surrounding rural countryside, largely because of the relatively greater proportion of incident solar energy that is absorbed and stored by man-made materials. The direct impact of UHI can be significant on both daytime and night-time temperatures, and the indirect impacts include increased air conditioning loads, deteriorated air and water quality, reduced pavement lifetimes, and exacerbated heat waves. Modifying the thermal properties and emissivity of roofs and paved surfaces and increasing the vegetated area within the city are potential mitigation strategies. A quantitative comparison of their efficacies and costs suggests that so-called cool roofs are likely the most cost-effective UHI mitigation strategy. However, additional research is needed on how to modify surface emissivities and dynamically control surface and material properties, as well as on the health and socioeconomic impacts of UHI. </jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Annual Review of Environment and Resources
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Annual Review of Environment and Resources 40 (1), 285-307, 2015-11-04
Annual Reviews