Multimodality Imaging in Cardiooncology

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  • Fausto Pizzino
    Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Policlinico G. Martino” and Universita’ degli Studi di Messina, Via Consolare Valeria No. 12, 98100 Messina, Italy
  • Giampiero Vizzari
    Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Policlinico G. Martino” and Universita’ degli Studi di Messina, Via Consolare Valeria No. 12, 98100 Messina, Italy
  • Rubina Qamar
    Aurora Advanced Healthcare, St. Luke’s Medical Centers, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, No. 840, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA
  • Charles Bomzer
    Aurora Advanced Healthcare, St. Luke’s Medical Centers, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, No. 840, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA
  • Scipione Carerj
    Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Policlinico G. Martino” and Universita’ degli Studi di Messina, Via Consolare Valeria No. 12, 98100 Messina, Italy
  • Concetta Zito
    Cardiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria “Policlinico G. Martino” and Universita’ degli Studi di Messina, Via Consolare Valeria No. 12, 98100 Messina, Italy
  • Bijoy K. Khandheria
    Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke’s Medical Centers, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, No. 840, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA

Description

<jats:p>Cardiotoxicity represents a rising problem influencing prognosis and quality of life of chemotherapy-treated patients. Anthracyclines and trastuzumab are the drugs most commonly associated with development of a cardiotoxic effect. Heart failure, myocardial ischemia, hypertension, myocarditis, and thrombosis are typical manifestation of cardiotoxicity by chemotherapeutic agents. Diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac side-effects of cancer treatment is of paramount importance. Echocardiography and nuclear medicine methods are widely used in clinical practice and left ventricular ejection fraction is the most important parameter to asses myocardial damage secondary to chemotherapy. However, left ventricular ejection decrease is a delayed phenomenon, occurring after a long stage of silent myocardial damage that classic imaging methods are not able to detect. New imaging techniques including three-dimensional echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance have demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting the earliest alteration of left ventricular function associated with future development of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of cardiac involvement in cancer patients can allow for timely and adequate treatment management and the introduction of cardioprotective strategies.</jats:p>

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