Diabetes as a risk factor for periodontal disease—plausible mechanisms
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- David Polak
- Department of Periodontology Hebrew University‐Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine Jerusalem Israel
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- Terukazu Sanui
- Section of Periodontology Division of Oral Rehabilitation Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science Fukuoka Japan
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- Fusanori Nishimura
- Section of Periodontology Division of Oral Rehabilitation Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science Fukuoka Japan
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- Lior Shapira
- Department of Periodontology Hebrew University‐Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine Jerusalem Israel
説明
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The present narrative review examines the scientific evidence of the biological mechanisms that may link periodontitis and diabetes, as a source of comorbidity. Publications regarding periodontitis and diabetes, in human, animals, and in vitro were screened for their relevance. Periodontal microbiome studies indicate a possible association between altered glucose metabolism in prediabetes and diabetes and changes in the periodontal microbiome. Coinciding with this, hyperglycemia enhances expression of pathogen receptors, which enhance host response to the dysbiotic microbiome. Hyperglycemia also promotes pro‐inflammatory response independently or via the advanced glycation end product/receptor for advanced glycation end product pathway. These processes excite cellular tissue destruction functions, which further enhance pro‐inflammatory cytokines expression and alteration in the <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">RANKL</jats:styled-content>/osteoprotegerin ratio, promoting formation and activation of osteoclasts. The evidence supports the role of several pathogenic mechanisms in the path of true causal comorbidity between poorly controlled diabetes and periodontitis. However, further research is needed to better understand these mechanisms and to explore other mechanisms.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Periodontology 2000
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Periodontology 2000 83 (1), 46-58, 2020-05-08
Wiley
