Experimental demonstration of externally driven millimeter-wave particle accelerator structure

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  • Mohamed A. K. Othman
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Julian Picard
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • Samuel Schaub
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • Valery A. Dolgashev
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Samantha M. Lewis
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Jeffery Neilson
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Andrew Haase
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Sudheer Jawla
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • Bruno Spataro
    INFN-LNF 3 , Frascati, Rome 00044, Italy
  • Richard J. Temkin
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2 , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • Sami Tantawi
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
  • Emilio A. Nanni
    SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University 1 , Menlo Park, California 94025, USA

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<jats:p>We report the experimental demonstration of a mm-wave electron accelerating structure powered by a high-power rf source. We demonstrate reliable coupling of an unprecedented rf power—up to 575 kW into the mm-wave accelerator structure using a quasi-optical setup. This standing wave accelerating structure consists of a single-cell copper cavity and a Gaussian to TM01 mode converter. The accelerator structure is powered by 110 GHz, 10-ns long rf pulses. These pulses are chopped from 3 ms pulses from a gyrotron oscillator using a laser-driven silicon switch. We show an unprecedented high gradient up to 230 MV/m that corresponds to a peak surface electric field of more than 520 MV/m. We have achieved these results after conditioning the cavity with more than 105 pulses. We also report preliminary measurements of rf breakdown rates, which are important for understanding rf breakdown physics in the millimeter-wave regime. These results open up many frontiers for applications not only limited to the next generation particle accelerators but also x-ray generation, probing material dynamics, and nonlinear light-matter interactions at mm-wave frequency.</jats:p>

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