Phase 1 Study of Molibresib (GSK525762), a Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal Domain Protein Inhibitor, in NUT Carcinoma and Other Solid Tumors

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain proteins are promising epigenetic anticancer drug targets. This first-in-human study evaluated the safety, recommended phase II dose, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain inhibitor molibresib (GSK525762) in patients with nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) and other solid tumors.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>This was a phase I and II, open-label, dose-escalation study. Molibresib was administered orally once daily. Single-patient dose escalation (from 2 mg/d) was conducted until the first instance of grade 2 or higher drug-related toxicity, followed by a 3 + 3 design. Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained during weeks 1 and 3. Circulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were measured as a pharmacodynamic biomarker.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Sixty-five patients received molibresib. During dose escalation, 11% experienced dose-limiting toxicities, including six instances of grade 4 thrombocytopenia, all with molibresib 60–100 mg. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events of any grade were thrombocytopenia (51%) and gastrointestinal events, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, and dysgeusia (22%–42%), anemia (22%), and fatigue (20%). Molibresib demonstrated an acceptable safety profile up to 100 mg; 80 mg once daily was selected as the recommended phase II dose. Following single and repeat dosing, molibresib showed rapid absorption and elimination (maximum plasma concentration: 2 hours; t1/2: 3–7 hours). Dose-dependent reductions in circulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels were observed. Among 19 patients with NC, four achieved either confirmed or unconfirmed partial response, eight had stable disease as best response, and four were progression-free for more than 6 months.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Once-daily molibresib was tolerated at doses demonstrating target engagement. Preliminary data indicate proof-of-concept in NC.</jats:p></jats:sec>