Cystic Fibrosis, CFTR, and Colorectal Cancer
-
- Patricia Scott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
-
- Kyle Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
-
- Mekhla Singhania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
-
- Robert Cormier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
Description
<jats:p>Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by biallelic inactivating mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, has recently been categorized as a familial colorectal cancer (CRC) syndrome. CF patients are highly susceptible to early, aggressive colorectal tumor development. Endoscopic screening studies have revealed that by the age of forty 50% of CF patients will develop adenomas, with 25% developing aggressive advanced adenomas, some of which will have already advanced to adenocarcinomas. This enhanced risk has led to new CF colorectal cancer screening recommendations, lowering the initiation of endoscopic screening to age forty in CF patients, and to age thirty in organ transplant recipients. The enhanced risk for CRC also extends to the millions of people (more than 10 million in the US) who are heterozygous carriers of CFTR gene mutations. Further, lowered expression of CFTR is reported in sporadic CRC, where downregulation of CFTR is associated with poor survival. Mechanisms underlying the actions of CFTR as a tumor suppressor are not clearly understood. Dysregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and disruption of intestinal stem cell homeostasis and intestinal barrier integrity, as well as intestinal dysbiosis, immune cell infiltration, stress responses, and intestinal inflammation have all been reported in human CF patients and in animal models. Notably, the development of new drug modalities to treat non-gastrointestinal pathologies in CF patients, especially pulmonary disease, offers hope that these drugs could be repurposed for gastrointestinal cancers.</jats:p>
Journal
-
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
-
International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21 (8), 2891-, 2020-04-21
MDPI AG
- Tweet
Details 詳細情報について
-
- CRID
- 1360294647097432448
-
- ISSN
- 14220067
-
- Data Source
-
- Crossref