A tale of worldwide success: Behind the scenes of <i>Carex</i> (Cyperaceae) biogeography and diversification
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- Santiago Martín‐Bravo
- Área de Botánica, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra de Utrera km 1 sn Seville 41013 Spain
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- Pedro Jiménez‐Mejías
- School of Biological Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
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- Tamara Villaverde
- Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC Plaza de Murillo 2 Madrid 28014 Spain
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- Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Reina Mercedes sn Seville ES-41012 Spain
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- Marlene Hahn
- The Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Route 53 Lisle IL 60532 USA
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- Daniel Spalink
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Texas A&M University 495 Horticulture Rd Suite 305 College Station TX 77843 USA
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- Eric H. Roalson
- School of Biological Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
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- Andrew L. Hipp
- The Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Route 53 Lisle IL 60532 USA
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- Carmen Benítez‐Benítez
- Área de Botánica, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra de Utrera km 1 sn Seville 41013 Spain
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- Leo P. Bruederle
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Colorado Denver Denver CO 80217‐3364 USA
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- Elisabeth Fitzek
- The Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Route 53 Lisle IL 60532 USA
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- Bruce A. Ford
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada
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- Kerry A. Ford
- Allan Herbarium Manaaki‐Whenua Landcare Research PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640 Canterbury New Zealand
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- Mira Garner
- The Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Route 53 Lisle IL 60532 USA
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- Sebastian Gebauer
- Department of Systematic Botany, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Geobotany and Botanical Garden Neuwerk 21, Halle 06108 (Saale) Germany
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- Matthias H. Hoffmann
- Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenbergm, Geobotany and Botanical Garden Botanical Garden Am Kirchtor 3, Halle 06108 (Saale) Germany
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- Xiao‐Feng Jin
- College of Life and Environment Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
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- Isabel Larridon
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond Surrey TW9 3AE United Kingdom
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- Étienne Léveillé‐Bourret
- Institute of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany University of Zürich Zollikerstrasse 117 Zürich 8008 Switzerland
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- Yi‐Fei Lu
- College of Life and Environment Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 Zhejiang China
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- Modesto Luceño
- Área de Botánica, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra de Utrera km 1 sn Seville 41013 Spain
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- Enrique Maguilla
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Reina Mercedes sn Seville ES-41012 Spain
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- Jose Ignacio Márquez‐Corro
- Área de Botánica, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra de Utrera km 1 sn Seville 41013 Spain
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- Mónica Míguez
- Área de Botánica, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Universidad Pablo de Olavide Ctra de Utrera km 1 sn Seville 41013 Spain
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- Robert Naczi
- New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Blvd. Bronx NY 10458 USA
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- Anton A. Reznicek
- University of Michigan Herbarium 3600 Varsity Drive Ann Arbor MI 48108‐2228 USA
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- Julian R. Starr
- Department of Biology University of Ottawa Gendron Hall, Room 160, 30 Marie Curie Ottawa Ontario K1N 6N5 Canada
抄録
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The megadiverse genus <jats:italic>Carex</jats:italic> (c. 2000 species, Cyperaceae) has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, displaying an inverted latitudinal richness gradient with higher species diversity in cold‐temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Despite great expansion in our knowledge of the phylogenetic history of the genus and many molecular studies focusing on the biogeography of particular groups during the last few decades, a global analysis of <jats:italic>Carex</jats:italic> biogeography and diversification is still lacking. For this purpose, we built the hitherto most comprehensive <jats:italic>Carex‐</jats:italic>dated phylogeny based on three markers (ETS–ITS–<jats:italic>matK</jats:italic>), using a previous phylogenomic Hyb‐Seq framework, and a sampling of two‐thirds of its species and all recognized sections. Ancestral area reconstruction, biogeographic stochastic mapping, and diversification rate analyses were conducted to elucidate macroevolutionary biogeographic and diversification patterns. Our results reveal that <jats:italic>Carex</jats:italic> originated in the late Eocene in E Asia, where it probably remained until the synchronous diversification of its main subgeneric lineages during the late Oligocene. E Asia is supported as the cradle of <jats:italic>Carex</jats:italic> diversification, as well as a “museum” of extant species diversity. Subsequent “out‐of‐Asia” colonization patterns feature multiple asymmetric dispersals clustered toward present times among the Northern Hemisphere regions, with major regions acting both as source and sink (especially Asia and North America), as well as several independent colonization events of the Southern Hemisphere. We detected 13 notable diversification rate shifts during the last 10 My, including remarkable radiations in North America and New Zealand, which occurred concurrently with the late Neogene global cooling, which suggests that diversification involved the colonization of new areas and expansion into novel areas of niche space.</jats:p>
収録刊行物
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- Journal of Systematics and Evolution
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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 57 (6), 695-718, 2019-11
Wiley